Introduction to databases
If you need an intro/introduction to any of the following databases SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Redis, SQLite, MongoDB, MariaDB, Oracle, Cassandra, Couchbase, Firebase databases, ElasticSearch, DynamoDB, ArangoDB, OrientDB, Neo4j, CouchDB, PouchDB, Cloudant, Cosmos DB, CockroachDB, RavenDB, Riak, TerminusDB, YugabyteDB, InfluxDB, TimescaleDB, Memcached, Hazelcast, Ignite, HBase, Bigtable, SimpleDB, RestDB, Aiven, Amazon RDS, Aurora, Redshift, please watch my videos on my YouTube playlist “Introduction to databases”.
Introduction to SQL Server
Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft.
As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications — which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet).
Microsoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications with many concurrent users.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server
Introduction to MySQL
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).
Its name is a combination of “My”, the name of co-founder Michael Widenius’s daughter, and “SQL”, the abbreviation for Structured Query Language.
A relational database organizes data into one or more data tables in which data types may be related to each other; these relations help structure the data.
SQL is a language programmers use to create, modify and extract data from the relational database, as well as control user access to the database.
In addition to relational databases and SQL, an RDBMS like MySQL works with an operating system to implement a relational database in a computer’s storage system, manages users, allows for network access and facilitates testing database integrity and creation of backups.
MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses.
MySQL was owned and sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation).
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL
Introduction to PostgreSQL
PostgreSQL, also known as Postgres, is a free and open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) emphasizing extensibility and SQL compliance.
It was originally named POSTGRES, referring to its origins as a successor to the Ingres database developed at the University of California, Berkeley.
In 1996, the project was renamed to PostgreSQL to reflect its support for SQL.
After a review in 2007, the development team decided to keep the name PostgreSQL and the alias Postgres.
PostgreSQL features transactions with Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability (ACID) properties, automatically updatable views, materialized views, triggers, foreign keys, and stored procedures.
It is designed to handle a range of workloads, from single machines to data warehouses or Web services with many concurrent users.
It is the default database for macOS Server and is also available for Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQL
Introduction to Redis
Redis is an in-memory data structure store, used as a distributed, in-memory key–value database, cache and message broker, with optional durability.
Redis supports different kinds of abstract data structures, such as strings, lists, maps, sets, sorted sets, HyperLogLogs, bitmaps, streams, and spatial indices.
The project was developed and maintained by Salvatore Sanfilippo.
From 2015 until 2020, he led a project core team sponsored by Redis Labs.
Salvatore Sanfilippo left Redis as the maintainer in 2020.
It is open-source software released under a BSD 3-clause license.
In 2021, not long after the original author and main maintainer left, Redis Labs dropped the Labs from its name and now redis, the open source DB as well as Redis Labs, the commercial company, are referred to as “redis“.
Redis has built-in replication, Lua scripting, LRU eviction, transactions, and different levels of on-disk persistence, and provides high availability via Redis Sentinel and automatic partitioning with Redis Cluster.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redis
Introduction to SQLite
SQLite is a database engine written in the C language.
It is not a standalone app; rather, it is a library that software developers embed in their apps.
As such, it belongs to the family of embedded databases.
It is the most widely deployed database engine, as it is used by several of the top web browsers, operating systems, mobile phones, and other embedded systems.
SQLite has bindings to many programming languages.
It generally follows PostgreSQL syntax but does not enforce type checking.
This means that one can, for example, insert a string into a column defined as an integer.
SQLite is an in-process library that implements a self-contained, serverless, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine.
The code for SQLite is in the public domain and is thus free for use for any purpose, commercial or private.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQLite
Introduction to MongoDB
MongoDB is a source-available cross-platform document-oriented database program.
Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas.
MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the Server Side Public License (SSPL).
MongoDB is an open source NoSQL database management program.
NoSQL is used as an alternative to traditional relational databases
NoSQL databases are quite useful for working with large sets of distributed data.
MongoDB is a tool that can manage document-oriented information, store or retrieve information.
MongoDB supports various forms of data.
It is one of the many nonrelational database technologies that arose in the mid-2000s under the NoSQL banner — normally, for use in big data applications and other processing jobs involving data that doesn’t fit well in a rigid relational model.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MongoDB
TopIntroduction to MariaDB
MariaDB is a community-developed, commercially supported fork of the MySQL relational database management system (RDBMS), intended to remain free and open-source software under the GNU General Public License.
Development is led by some of the original developers of MySQL, who forked it due to concerns over its acquisition by Oracle Corporation in 2009.
MariaDB is intended to maintain high compatibility with MySQL, with library binary parity and exact matching with MySQL APIs and commands, allowing it in many cases to function as drop-in replacement for MySQL.
However, new features are diverging.
It includes new storage engines like Aria, ColumnStore, and MyRocks.
Its lead developer/CTO is Michael “Monty” Widenius, one of the founders of MySQL AB and the founder of Monty Program AB.
On 16 January 2008, MySQL AB announced that it had agreed to be acquired by Sun Microsystems for approximately $1 billion.
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MariaDB
Introduction to Oracle
Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.
It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads.
Oracle Database is available by several service providers on-prem, on-cloud, or as hybrid cloud installation.
It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware (Exadata on-prem, on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer).
Content source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_Database
Introduction to Cassandra
Cassandra is a free and open-source, distributed, wide-column store, NoSQL database management system designed to handle large amounts of data across many commodity servers, providing high availability with no single point of failure.
Cassandra offers support for clusters spanning multiple datacenters, with asynchronous masterless replication allowing low latency operations for all clients.
Cassandra was designed to implement a combination of Amazon’s Dynamo distributed storage and replication techniques combined with Google’s Bigtable data and storage engine model.
Content source: